In a large (about 7-quart) Dutch oven or other pot with a heavy bottom, warm the oil over medium-high heat.
Add onion, carrot, celery, and salt. Cook, stirring only occasionally, for about 10 minutes, until tender and lightly browned in spots.
Stir in garlic and cook for a minute more.
Add broth, herbes de Provence or thyme, bay leaves, and pepper.
Bring to a boil over high heat, then cover, reduce heat, and simmer for 10 minutes.
While broth simmers, bring a pot of well-salted water to a boil and cook noodles to al dente according to package directions. Drain and toss with a little bit of oil to prevent sticking.
Off the heat, stir in chickpeas, parsley or scallions, and lemon juice.
Ladle soup into bowls, adding noodles to individual bowls right before serving.